|
William is a popular given name of old Germanic origin.〔Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, ISBN 978-0-19-861060-1, p.276.〕 It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,〔All Things William, ''Meaning & Origin of the Name'', (www.allthingswilliam.com/willynilly/name-origin.html )〕 and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." The name's shortened familiar version in English is ''Bill'', ''Billy'', ''Will, Willy,'' or ''Willie''. A common Irish form is ''Liam''. Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Willamette, Wilma and Wilhelmina. ==Etymology== William comes ultimately from the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Old German ''Wilhelm'' > German Wilhelm and Old Norse ''Vilhjálmr''). The Anglo-Saxon form should be '' *Wilhelm'' as well (although the Anglo-Saxon chronicle refers to William the Conqueror as ''Willelm'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=William the Conqueror )〕 That is a compound of two distinct elements : ''wil'' = "will or desire"; ''helm''; Old English ''helm'' "helmet, protection";〔 > English ''helm'' "knight's large helmet". In fact, the form William is from the Old Norman form ''Williame'', because the English language should have retained ''helm''. The development to ''-iam'' is the result of the diphthongation () + () in Old Norman-French, quite similar in Old Central French () + () from an early Gallo-Romance form WILLELMU. This development can be followed in the different versions of the name in the Wace's ''Roman de Rou''.〔フランス語:René Lepelley, ''Guillaume le duc, Guillaume le rois: extraits du Roman de Rou de Wace'', Centre de Publications de l'Université de Caen, 1987, pp. 16–17.〕 The spelling and phonetics ''Wi-'' () is a characteristic trait of the Northern French dialects, but the pronunciation changed in Norman from () to () in the 12th century (cf. the Norman surnames ''Villon'' and ''Villamaux'' "little William"), unlike the Central French and Southern Norman that turned the Germanic ''Wi-'' into ''Gui-'' () > (). The Modern French spelling is フランス語:Guillaume.〔フランス語:Lepelley, pp. 15–17.〕 . The first well-known carrier of the name was Charlemagne's cousin William of Gellone, a.k.a. Guilhelm, William of Orange, Guillaume Fierabrace, or William Short-Nose (755–812). This William is immortalized in the Chanson de Guillaume and his esteem may account for the name's subsequent popularity among European nobility. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William (given name)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|